Infection Control Today

Features

“OSHA, The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, and You” William J. Duffy, RN, MJ, CNOR

1. Most frequently asked questions concerning the bloodborne pathogen standard. OSHA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letters. February 1, 1993. www.osha.gov/OshDoc/Interp, p. 1.
2. OSHA revises bloodborne pathogens compliance directive. OSHA National News Release. November 5, 1999. www.osha.gover/media/oshnews/nov99/national, p. 1.
3. Most frequently asked questions concerning the bloodborne pathogen standard. OSHA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letters. February 1, 1993. www.osha.gov/OshDoc/Directive, p. 8.
4. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. OSHA Directive CPL 2-2.44D. November 5, 1999. www.osha/gov/OshDoc/Directive, p. 8
5. Annual training required by the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens standard. OHSA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letters. August 31, 1997. www.osha.gov/OshDoc/Interp, p.1.
6. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. p. 43.
7. Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens, 29 CFR 1910.1030 (g)(2)(vii)(A-L).
8. 29 CFR 1910.1030 (g)(2)(vii)(M-N)-(g)(2)(viii).
9. Most frequently asked questions concerning the bloodborne pathogens standard. OSHA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letters. February 1, 1993. www.osha.gov/OshDoc/Interp.
10. American Dental Association v. Martin, 984 F.2d823 (1993).
11. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. p. 7.
12. Record summary of the request for information on occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens due to percutaneous injury. May 20, 1999. www.osha.gov/num/ndireport. p. 8.
13. Blood safety survey shows room for improvement. OR Manager. November 1999;15(11):9.
14. Jagger J, et al. A study of patterns ad prevention of blood exposure in OR personnel. AORN J. May 1998;67:979-995.
15. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogen. P. 11.
16. Record summary of the request for information on occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens due to percutaneous injury. May 20, 1999. www.osha.gov/num/ndireport. p. 2.
17. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. p. 15.

“Hepatitis C, Not Your Average Virus” By Charlene Buckner, RN, CIC, COHN-S, and Ann Drake, RN, CIC

1. CDC. Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and HCV-Related Chronic Disease. MMWR. 47(RR-19).
2. NIH. Management of Hepatitis C. 1997 March. 24-26;15(3):1-41.
3. www.Liverfoundation.org
4. www.med.virginia.edu/~epinet
5. Goodman T. Control of infections related to bloodborne pathogens. Infect Control Today. 2000(4);6:24-28

Cleaning & Disinfecting

“Safety First: Read, Heed Labels” By Janet B. Kreizman

1. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Federal Hazards Substances Act, 16CFR1500.121 (Code of Federal Regulation).
2. Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulations, Hazard Communications, Toxic, and Hazardous Substances, 29CFR1910.1200.

OR Topics

“Technology vs. the Most Common Nosocomial Infection” By Sandra K. Watson, RN, BSN, CIC; Deborah Ann Lictengberg, RN, BSN, CIC; and Holly Wainwright, RN, BSN, MBA, CIC

1. William JR. Chief, Investigation and Prevention Branch Hospital Infections Program, CDC, Atlanta on March 5, 2000 at the 4^th Decennial International Conference on Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections.
2. Weinstein RA, Nosocomial infection update. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1998;4(3): 416-120.
3. Garibaldi RA. Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections. In: Wenzel RP ed. Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 1993;600-13.
4. IcanNews & Commentary. Conference Coverage. Silver-coated catheter helps prevent urinary tract infections. Updated March 10, 2000.
5. Bologna RA, Tu LM, Polansky HD, et al: Hydrogel/silver ion-coated urinary catheter reduces nosocomial urinary tract infection rates in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter study. Adult Urology. 54:982-987.
6. Maki DG, Knasinski V, Tambyah PA. Abstract: Risk factors for catheter-associated UTI:
   A prospective study showing the minimal impact of catheter care violations on the risk of CAUTI. 4th Decennial International Conference on Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections, Atlanta, Georgia. March 2000.
7. Saint, S. Clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial catheter-related bacteriuria. American Journal of Infection Control. February 2000;8(1):68-75.
8. Centers for Disease Control. Public Health Focus: Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Nosocomial infections. MMWR 1992;41:783-787.
9. Classen, DC. Assessing the effect of adverse hospital events on the cost of hospitalization and other patient outcomes. (Thesis). Salt Lake City, Utah: University of Utah, 1993.
10. Burk JP, Zavasky D-M. Nosocomial urinary tract infections. In: C. Glen Mayhall ed. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. Lippincott Williams & Wikins. Philadelphia 1999.
11. Carr HA. Short history of the foley catheter: from handmade instrument to infection-prevention device. J Endourology. February 2000;14(1):5-8.
12. Carr HA. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in adults: prevention through care and technology. Infection Control Today. August 1998;2:8.
13. Bruce AW, et al. Urethral response to latex and silastic catheter. Can Med Assoc J. 1976;115:1099-1100.
14. Thomas LL. Urinary tract infections related to catheterization. ICST. February 1999:27, 38.
15. Riley DK, Classen DC, Stevens LE, et al. A large randomized clinical trial of a silver-impregnated urinary catheter: lack of efficacy and staphylococcal superinfection. Am J Med. 1995;177(4):349-56.
16. Wright BJ. Wound Management in an era of increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance: A role for topical silver treatment. AJIC. 1998;26(6):572-577.
17. Saint S, Elmore JG, Sullivan SD, et al. The efficacy of silver alloy-coated urinary catheters in preventing urinary tract infection: a meta-analysis. Am L of Med. September 1998;105:236-241.
18. Saint, S, et al. (Abstract) The clinical and economic effects of silver alloy urinary catheters to prevent urinary tract infection. AJIC. April 1999;27(2):186.
19. Lettau, L, et al. (Abstract) Silver hydrogel-coated urinary catheters for the prevention on nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTI): a collaborative study in Nine community hospitals. Presented at IDSA. November 1998.
20. Maki DG, Knasinski V, Tambyah PA. Abstract: A Prospective investigator-blinded Trial of a novel nitrofurazone-impregnated indwelling urinary catheter. SHEA 1997.
21. Leclair JM, et al. (Abstract) Effect of a nirtofurazone-impregnated urinary catheter on the incidence of catheter-associated UTI in burn patients.
22. Release-NF™ Instructions For Use Product Insert Sheet. Rochester Medical, One Rochester Medical Drive, Stewartville, MN 55976.
23. Anti-infective process patented. Hospital Purchasing News. 1999:1-12.
24. Hoekstra D. Hyaluronan-modified surfaces for medical devices. Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry. 1999:48-51.
25. Pugliese G, Favero MS. Medical news. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1999;20:368.