Infection Control Today

May 2001

"Handwashing"
By: Thomas L. Kovach.

• Bryan JL, Cohran J. Larson E. Handwashing a ritual. Critical Care NursingClinics of North America. 1995 Dec: 7: (4) 617-24.

• Larson E. APIC guideline for handwashing and hand asepsis in health caresettings. American Journal of Infection Control. 1995 August Vol.23 (4) 251-69.

• Kovach, T. Controlling infection through handwashing. ContemporaryLong-Term Care. 1989 August, 42-50.

• Kovach, T. Freedom from the chain of septic flow: handwashing in infectioncontrol. The Journal of Practical Nursing. March, 1999 Vol XLVIIV, No 1 34-42.

• Larson, E. Skin hygiene and infection prevention: more of the same ordifferent approaches? Clinical Infectious Diseases. 29(5):1287-94, 1999 Nov.

• Garner J., Favero M., CDC Guidelines for handwashing and environmentalcontrol. American Journal of Infection Control. 1986 June, Volume 14 (3),110-129.

• Paulson, D. A second look at quaternary ammonium compounds as topical antimicrobials in the medical field. BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Bozeman,MT. Data Base on File--Soon To Be Published White Paper.

• Ibid

• Ibid

• Ibid

• Ibid

"Flash Sterilization"
By Charles O. Hancock

• Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation FlashSterilization: Steam sterilization of patient care items for immediate use,ANSI/AAMI ST37

• Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation Hospital SteamSterilizers ANSI/AAMI ST8

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1999), Guidelines forPrevention of Surgical Site Infection, 1999, Infection Control and HospitalEpidemiology, April, pp247-278

• Private author correspondence, 2001

"Surgical Hand Scrubs"
By: Deborah Gardner and Ellen Anderson-Manz

Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc, Recommended practices for surgical hand scrubs in Standards, Recommended Practices, and Guidelines (Denver: Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc 2000).

Joanna R. Fuller, Surgical Technology, Principles and Practice (Third edition, 1994)

V Hingst et al, Evaluation of the efficacy of surgical hand disinfection following a reduced application time of 3 instead of 5 minutes," Journal of Hospital Infection Control 20 (February 1992)

DM Korniewicz, D P Rabussay, Surgical glove failures in clinical practice settings, AORN Journal 66 (October 1997)

D T Dooher, Surgical gloves: Measuring cost and barrier effectiveness, AORN Journal 55 (June 1992)

Price P B, New studies in surgical bacteriology and surgical technique. JAMA 111 1996

M F Fay, D T Dooher, Surgical gloves: Measuring cost and barrier effectiveness, AORN Journal 55 (June 1992)

Cnythia Spry

• 3M Health Care. Low temperature sterilization technologies in the 1990s.Infection Control Rounds. 1993;16(3):9-11.

•  Borneff M, Okpara J, Bodendorf M, Sonntag H-G. Validation oflow-temperature plasma (LTP) sterilization systems-Comparison of two technicalversions, the STERRAD 100, 1.8 and the 100S. Hygiene and Mikrobiologie.1997;3:21-28.

•  Borneff-Lipp M. Testing of a new technical version (STERRAD® 100S) of low-temperature-plasma (LTP)-sterilisation systems. Zentral Sterilization.1998;6:113-121.

•  Harris MH. Flash sterilization: Is it safe for routine use? AORN Journal.1992;55(6):1547-1551.

•  Jacobs PT. STERRAD® 100S Sterilization System. Irvine, Calif:Advanced Sterilization Products; 1997.

•  Jacobs P, Smith D. The new STERRAD® 100S Sterilization System:Features and advantages. Zentral Sterilization. 1998;6:86-94.

•  Rutala WA, Gergen MF, Weber DJ. Comparative evaluation of thesporicidal activity of new low-temperature sterilization technologies: Ethyleneoxide, 2 plasma sterilization systems, and liquid peracetic acid. AmericanJournal of Infection Control. 1998;26(4):393-398.

"The Benefits of Ultrasonics Cleaning."
By Lawrence F. Muscarella, PhD

• Muscarella L.F. Are all sterilization processes alike? AORN J 1998 May;67(5):966-976.

• Muscarella LF. Biopsy forceps: disposable or reusable? Gastroenterology Nursing 2001; in press.

• Bronowicki JP, Venard V, Botte C, et al. Patient-to-patient transmission of hepatitis C virus during colonoscopy. N Engl J Med 1997 July 24;337(4):237-40.

• Alvarado CJ, Reichelderfer M. APIC guideline for infection prevention and control in flexible endoscopy. Association for Professionals in Infection Control. Am J Infect Control 2000;28(2):138-155.

• Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates. Standards of infection control in reprocessing of flexible gastrointestinal endoscopes. Gastroenterol Nurs 2000 July-Aug;23(4):172-9.

• Macdonald G. Can the thermal disinfector outperform the ultrasonic cleaner? JADA 1996 Dec;127:17887-8.

• Muscarella LF. Ultrasonic cleaning. Surgical Service Management 1999 June;5(6):48-54.

• Weller RN, Brady JM, Bernier WE. Efficacy of ultrasonic cleaning. J Endodontics 1980 Sep;6(9):740-3.

• Bentley EM. the value of ultrasonic cleaners in dental practice. Br Dent J 1994;177:53-6.

• Eames WB, Bryington SQ, Suway NB. A comparison of eight ultrasonic cleaners. General Dentistry 1982 May-June;242-5.

• Carfruny WA, Brunick A, Nelson DM, et al. Effectiveness of ultrasonic cleaning of dental instruments. Am J Dent 1995 Jun;8(3):152-6.

• Miller CH, Hardwick LM. Ultrasonic cleaning of dental instruments in cassettes. General Dentistry 1988 Jan-Feb;36:31-36.

• Simpson JP, Whittaker DK. Serum contamination of instruments in dental practice. Br Dent J 1979 Feb 6;76-8.

• Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Recommended infection control practices for dentistry, 1993. MMWR 1993 May 28;42(RR-8):1-12.

• Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI). Designing, testing and labeling reusable medical devices for preprocessing in health care facilities: A guide for device manufacturers. AAMI TIR No. 12, 1994.

• Miller CH, Riggen SD, Sheldrake MA, et al. Presence of microorganisms in used ultrasonic cleaning solutions. Am J Dent 1993 Feb;6(1):27-31.

• Warfield DK, Bryington SQ. Ultrasonic potentiation of the sporicidal activity of glutaraldehyde. Oral Surg 1982 Apr;53(4):342-6.