Mahyar Nouri-Shirazi, DVM, PhD, associate professor in the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine at Florida Atlantic University, has identified an immunologic agent that shows promise for optimizing vaccines efficacy, particularly in smokers, and in children or adults exposed to environmental tobacco. Shirazi aims to determine how this agent in contrast to other agents already in vaccines or late clinical development can restore vaccine responsiveness in nicotine-exposed hosts.
Diagnosing the presence of Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, may soon be easier than ever before. Scientists working with Peter Seeberger, director at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG) in Potsdam and professor at the Freie Universität Berlin, have come up with a simple, inexpensive and reliable method of detecting the bacterium. The research team, specializing in glycochemistry glycobiology, first identified and synthesized an oligosaccharide structure on bacterial surface before combining it with a protein to heighten the immunological effect. The presence of antibodies against this surface glycan in the blood of infected patients can be a biomarker of diagnostic value in Yersinia pestis infections.
Rice University nanotechnology researchers have unveiled a solar-powered sterilization system that could be a boon for more than 2.5 billion people who lack adequate sanitation. The solar steam sterilization system uses nanomaterials to convert as much as 80 percent of the energy in sunlight into germ-killing heat.