August References
August References
"Sterile Instrument Packs: Handle With Care," by Kathryn Dix,page 24.
1. www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/showCFR.cfm?FR=880.6850
2. Gruendemann BJ, Mangum SS. Infection prevention in surgical settings.Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 2001:252-253.
3. www.aorn.org/journal/2000/nov2kci.htm
4. www.aorn.org/journal/2002/aprci.htm
5. www.aorn.org/journal/2001/decci.htm
"Fomites' Role in Disease Transmission is Still Up for Debate,"by Kelly M. Pyrek, page 30.
1. Weber DJ and Rutala WA. Environmental issues and nosocomial infections.In: Prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Wenzel, RP (ed). Baltimore:Williams & Wilkins. 1997:491-514.
2. Rhame FS. The inanimate environment. In: Hospital infections. 3rd ed.Boston: Little, Brown, 1992:299-344.
3. Weber DJ, Rutala WA. Role of environmental contamination in thetransmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. May 1997. www.slackinc.com/general/iche/stor0597/edit.htm.
4. Noskin GA, Stosor V, Cooper I, Peterson LR. Recovery of vancomycin-resistantenterococci on fingertips and environmental surfaces. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. 1995;16:577-581.
5. Bonilla HF, Zervos MJ, Kauffman CA. Long-term survival of vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecium on a contaminated surface. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.1996;17:770-771.
6. Boyce JM, Opal SM, Chow JW, et al. Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Enterococcusfaecium with transferable vanB class vancomycin resistance. J ClinMicrobiol. 1994;32:1148-1153.
7. Wilcox JH, Jones BL. Enterococci and hospital laundry. Lancet.1995;345:594.
8. Rutala WA. Inanimate environment: the infection control practitioner as anenvironmentalist. From presentation at University of North Carolina at ChapelHill, Sept. 27-Oct. 1, 1999.
9. Weber DJ, Rutala, WA. Role of environmental contamination in thetransmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. May 1997. www.slackinc.com/general/iche/stor0597/edit.htm.
10. Bonten MJ, et al. Lancet. 1996:348:1615-1619.
11. Weber DJ, Rutala WA. Role of environmental contamination in thetransmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. May 1997. www.slackinc.com/general/iche/stor0597/edit.htm
12. Albert RK, Condie R. Handwashing patterns in medical intensive careunits. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:1165-1166.
13. Rutala WA. Inanimate environment: the infection control practitioner asan environmentalist. From presentation at University of North Carolina at ChapelHill, Sept. 27-Oct. 1, 1999.
14. Weber DJ, Rutala WA. Role of environmental contamination in thetransmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. May 1997. www.slackinc.com/general/iche/stor0597/edit.htm.
15. Byers KE, Durbin LJ, Simonton BM, Anglim AM, Adal KA, Farr BM.Environmental contamination with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium(VRE). From the fifth annual meeting of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiologyof America (SHEA), April 1995; San Diego, Calif. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. 1995;16:P18. Abstract.
16. Maki DG, Alavarado CJ, Hassamer CA, et al. Relation of the inanimatehospital environment to endemic nosocomial infection. N Engl J Med.1982;307-1562-1566.
17. American Hospital Association. Statement on microbiologic sampling in thehospital. Hospitals. 1974: 48:125-6.
18. Mallison GF, Haley RW. Microbiologic sampling of the inanimateenvironment in U.S. hospitals. 1976-1977. Am J Med. 1981; 70:941-6.
19. Maki DG, Alavarado CJ, Hassamer CA, et al. Relation of the inanimatehospital environment to endemic nosocomial infection. N Engl J Med.1982;307-1562-1566.
20. Ibid.
21. Maki DG. Control of colonization and transmission of pathogenic bacteriain the hospital. Ann Intern Med. 1978; 89:777-80.
22. Singh D, et al. Bacterial contamination of hospital pagers. Infect ConHosp Epidemiol. May 2002, pp. 274-276.
23. Mangi RJ, Andriole VT. Contaminated stethoscopes: a potential source ofnosocomial infections.Yale J Biol Med. 1972: 45:600-604.
24. Bernard L, Kereveur A, Durand D, et al. Bacterial contamination ofhospital physicians' stethoscopes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1999:20:626-628.
25. Marinella MA, Pierson C, Chenoweth C. The stethoscope: a potential sourceof nosocomial infection? Arch Intern Med. 1997:157:786-790.
26. Bernard L, Kereveur A, Durand D, et al. Bacterial contamination ofhospital physicians' stethoscopes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1999:20:626-628.
27. Wong D, Nye K, Hollis P. Microbial flora on doctors' white coats. BMJ.1991; 303:1602-1604.
"Preventing Infections in the Ambulatory Surgery Setting," byKelly M. Pyrek, page 38.
1. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines. 83-1.
2. JAMA. 1991 May 8:265(8):2377-81.
3. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines 83-4.
4. Gruendemann BJ and Mangum SS. Infection Prevention in surgical settings.W.B. Saunders Co. 2001, p. 58.
5. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines. 83-2.
6. Ibid.
7. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines 83-3
8. Gruendemann BJ and Mangum SS. Infection Prevention in surgical settings.W.B. Saunders Co. 2001.
9. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines 83-2.
10. Gruendemann BJ and Mangum SS. Infection Prevention in surgical settings.W.B. Saunders Co. 2001, p. 58.
11. Gruendemann BJ and Mangum SS. Infection Prevention in surgical settings.W.B. Saunders Co. 2001, p. 57.
12. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines 83-2.
13. JCAHO, Infection control: meeting JCAHO standards, 1998
14. Heroux DL. Ambulatory care. Association of Professionals in InfectionControl and Epidemiology (APIC) guidelines, 83:11-12
Best Practices, by Nancy B. Bjerke, page 46.
1. Lynch T. Communicable Disease Nursing. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby, 1949.
2. Gage ND, Landon JF, Sider MT. Communicable Disease. Philadelphia, PA: FADavis, 1959.
3. Lynch T. Communicable Disease Nursing. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby, 1949
4. Garner JS and CDC Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee.Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals. Infect Control HospEpidemiol. 1996:17(1); 53-80.
5. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service,Center for Disease Control. Isolation Techniques for use in Hospitals.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1970.
6. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service,Center for Disease Control. 2nd ed. Isolation Techniques for use in Hospitals.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975.
7. Garner JS, Simmons BP. Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals. InfectControl. 1983; 4: 245-325.
8. Centers for Disease Control. Recommendations for Prevention of HIVTransmission in Health-Care Settings. MMWR. 1987; 36 (suppl no.25).
9. Centers for Disease Control. Update: Universal Precautions for Preventionof Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and OtherBloodborne Pathogens in Healthcare Settings. MMWR. 1988:37(24); 377-382,387-388.
10. Lynch P, Jackson MM, Cummings MJ, Stamm WE. Rethinking the role ofisolation practices in the prevention of nosocomial infections. Ann InternMed. 1987:107:243-246.
11. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 29 CFR Part 1910.1030.Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens: Final Rule. December 6, 1999. FedReg. 56(235):64175-64182.
12. Garner JS and CDC HICPAC. Guideline for isolation precautions inhospitals. Am J Infect Control. 1996:24; 24-52.
13. Wells P. "Confine and contain" approach to OR cleanup. AORNJ. 1977:25(1); 60-65.
I Was There: An Infection Preventionist on the COVID-19 Pandemic
April 30th 2025Deep feelings run strong about the COVID-19 pandemic, and some beautiful art has come out of those emotions. Infection Control Today is proud to share this poem by Carmen Duke, MPH, CIC, in response to a recent article by Heather Stoltzfus, MPH, RN, CIC.
From the Derby to the Decontam Room: Leadership Lessons for Sterile Processing
April 27th 2025Elizabeth (Betty) Casey, MSN, RN, CNOR, CRCST, CHL, is the SVP of Operations and Chief Nursing Officer at Surgical Solutions in Overland, Kansas. This SPD leader reframes preparation, unpredictability, and teamwork by comparing surgical services to the Kentucky Derby to reenergize sterile processing professionals and inspire systemic change.
Show, Tell, Teach: Elevating EVS Training Through Cognitive Science and Performance Coaching
April 25th 2025Training EVS workers for hygiene excellence demands more than manuals—it requires active engagement, motor skills coaching, and teach-back techniques to reduce HAIs and improve patient outcomes.
