Scientists Describe New Research Model to Enhance Zika Virus Research
April 19th 2016Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine (SVM) have developed one of the first mouse models for the study of Zika virus. The model will allow researchers to better understand how the virus causes disease and aid in the development of antiviral compounds and vaccines.
Experts Share Their Hopes for Ebola Vaccine
April 19th 2016The World Health Organization (WHO), partners and affected countries are stepping up planning for how to use an Ebola vaccine in response to an outbreak. The Ebola outbreak that struck Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone in 2014 prompted the search, on an exceptionally accelerated schedule, for a vaccine to prevent the disease. Although there has been more than one promising candidate, the vesicular stomatitis virus-ebola virus (VSV-EBOV) vaccine was selected based on an algorithm produced by the WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee on Ebola Experimental Interventions for the critical Phase III trial in Guinea and Sierra Leone. The committee considered various parameters, including efficacy in non-human primates the ability to provoke an immune response in humans in the early days after vaccination, and availability.
Using a Bowie-Dick Test Correctly
April 19th 2016Q: Recently we had a consultant visit our department. She said I was performing the Bowie-Dick test wrong. I place the test pack on top of a wire basket which is placed over the drain line. This is how I was shown to do the test and we all do it the same way. The consultant could not explain why this is wrong. Can you explain the correct process and why?
New Operating Room Light Fixtures Kill Bacteria Safely and Continuously
April 19th 2016Responding to the needs of healthcare facilities to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), Kenall Manufacturing has introduced a new line of Indigo-Clean™ light fixtures specifically designed for operating rooms. Indigo-Clean™ operating room (OR) light fixtures provide bright, high-quality, white light to illuminate the surgical field, while continuously disinfecting the environment. The announcement was made at the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) Spring Academy being held this week in San Diego.
Reusables, Disposables Each Play a Role in Preventing Cross-Contamination
April 19th 2016Healthcare institutions face the question of whether to use disposable or reusable medical devices. Although in certain situations one category is clearly a better choice than the other, choosing between disposable products and reusable devices is more frequently a difficult and unclear decision. Both devices are characterized by compelling pros and cons that may force healthcare facilities into a complex and multi-faceted decision-making process.
Cracking the Code of the Malaria Parasite May Help Stop Transmission
April 15th 2016The most dangerous malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is responsible for nearly half a million deaths annually across Africa and Southeast Asia. Of increasing concern, this parasite is now developing resistance to common antimalarial drugs. Gaining a better understanding of the parasite’s development in the body is urgently required. Now, a multi-university team, which includes Penn State, has broken the code that may lead to new defenses against the deadly parasite.
Increased Use of Type of Diagnostic Test Poses Challenge to Tracking of Foodborne Illness
April 15th 2016Changes in the tests that diagnose foodborne illness are helping identify infections faster but could soon pose challenges to finding outbreaks and monitoring progress toward preventing foodborne disease, according to a report published yesterday in CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Week Report.
Manure Application Research Aims to Improve Food Safety
April 15th 2016Consumers don't buy leafy greens and other healthy supermarket produce anticipating the food might make their families sick. Or at least, they didn't used to. But high profile recalls of fruits and veggies seem to be a new normal in the American food landscape. The recalls follow outbreaks of foodborne illnesses caused by microbes like E. coli. These outbreaks can send unsuspecting veggiephiles rushing to the nearest toilet or, worse yet, the hospital. Some outbreaks can even result in deaths.
Tuberculosis Elimination in Europe
April 14th 2016New data released by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and WHO/Europe ahead of World TB Day show that an estimated 340,000 Europeans developed tuberculosis (TB) in 2014, corresponding to a rate of 37 cases per 100,000 population.
New Research Explains Why HIV is Not Cleared by the Immune System
April 14th 2016Scientists at the University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP) have identified a human (host) protein that weakens the immune response to HIV and other viruses. The findings, published today in Cell Host & Microbe, have important implications for improving HIV antiviral therapies, creating effective viral vaccines, and advance a new approach to treat cancer.
Scans Confirm Brain Damage in Babies Born With Microcephaly Associated With Zika Virus
April 14th 2016Brain abnormalities in babies born with microcephaly and associated with the current Zika virus epidemic in Brazil are described by a team of doctors in a new study published in The BMJ today. The findings show that babies born with microcephaly, presumably due to the Zika virus infection, have severe brain damage with a range of abnormalities.